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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum01:26

Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum

The muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum are crucial for supporting the pelvic organs, controlling continence, and aiding in sexual function, childbirth, and core stability. They are typically divided into the superficial perineal layer and the deep pelvic floor layer.
Perineal Layer
The perineum is a diamond-shaped area below the pelvic diaphragm, divided into an anterior urogenital triangle that contains the external genitals and a posterior anal triangle housing the anus. The urogenital...
Male Sexual Response: Erection & Ejaculation01:17

Male Sexual Response: Erection & Ejaculation

Sexual stimulation can take various forms, such as physical touch and visual or auditory cues. When this happens, the parasympathetic reflex in the sacral portion of the spinal cord is activated. This reflex stimulates the release of nitric oxide (NO), which then dilates the arterioles in the penis, increasing blood flow to the erectile tissues - the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum.
The blood filling the erectile tissues compresses the veins, which helps to prevent blood from leaving...
Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract01:28

Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract

The human urogenital system, once thought to be sterile in healthy individuals, is now recognized as a complex microbial habitat. Advancements in molecular sequencing techniques have revealed that even in healthy adults, the kidneys and bladder harbor microbial populations similar to those found in the distal urethra, albeit in much lower abundance. These resident microorganisms, while generally innocuous, can become opportunistic pathogens under conditions that alter the urogenital...

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Impact of general anesthesia with vasopressor support on uteroplacental perfusion during fetal spina bifida repair.

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Novel Fetal Embolization Technique via Transcardiac Transarterial Ultrasound- and Fluoroscopy-Guided Endovascular Surgery for Vein of Galen Malformation: Preclinical Study in the Fetal Lamb.

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Intracranial Changes after Fetal Spina Bifida Repair by 2D and 3D Slice-to-Volume MRI Reconstruction: Implications for the Etiology of Hydrocephalus.

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Biomechanical Model of the Levator Ani Muscle: Identifying the Greatest Strain Areas in Its Subdivisions.

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Open Fetal Versus Postnatal Repair of Spina Bifida Aperta-A Comparison of Neonatal Outcomes.

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Perinatally Accessible Biomarkers of Complex Gastroschisis: Systematic Review and Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis.

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Sexual and Psychological Outcomes After Vaginal Surgery for Pelvic Organ Prolpase and Stress Urinary Incontinence.

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Discriminative Performance and Preliminary Psychometric Evaluation of the Study-Specific Composite Questionnaire Including Vaginal Laxity Questionnaire.

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A Global Consensus Conference on Surgical Management of Primary Uterovaginal Prolapse and Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: Combining Evidence with Expert Opinion.

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Artificial Intelligence in Scientific Publications: From Theoretical Past to Transparent Future Regulation.

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Global Landscape and Translational Trajectories of Pelvic Floor Muscle Rehabilitation for Urinary Incontinence.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System
03:49

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System

Published on: September 20, 2018

21.5K

The Relationship Between Levator Ani Integrity and Postpartum Sexual Dysfunction: A Systematic Review.

Adéla Samešová1,2,3, Rafaël Kiebooms1, Laura Cattani1

  • 1Department Development and Regeneration, Cluster Urogenital, Abdominal and Plastic Surgery, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium.

International Urogynecology Journal
|April 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vaginal delivery may affect pelvic floor structures like the levator ani muscle (LAM). This review found little evidence linking LAM avulsion to sexual dysfunction within 24 months postpartum.

Keywords:
ChildbirthLevator Ani MusclePelvic Floor UltrasoundPostpartumPuborectalis MuscleSexual Dysfunction

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Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
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Development of a Uterosacral Ligament Suspension Rat Model
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Last Updated: May 25, 2026

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Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System

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Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
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Development of a Uterosacral Ligament Suspension Rat Model
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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Pelvic Floor Disorders
  • Sexual Health

Background:

  • Vaginal delivery can impact pelvic floor structures, including the levator ani muscle (LAM).
  • This may lead to issues like urinary incontinence, prolapse, sexual dysfunction, and pelvic pain.
  • The relationship between LAM avulsion and sexual dysfunction post-childbirth requires systematic investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Current data on the association between levator ani muscle (LAM) avulsion and sexual dysfunction post-vaginal delivery are limited and methodologically diverse.
  • Little evidence currently supports a link between LAM avulsion and sexual dysfunction within 24 months postpartum.