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Endovascular neural interfaces: current platforms and clinical readiness.

Hisayuki Hosoo1, Kota Araki2, Yosuke Masuda2

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Summary

Neurointerventional techniques offer novel neural interfaces via endovascular approaches, enhancing brain activity recording and stimulation. These methods provide a safer alternative to conventional implants, improving signal quality for epilepsy and brain-computer interface applications.

Keywords:
DeviceEEGVein

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Area of Science:

  • Neurointerventional techniques
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Conventional electroencephalography (EEG) is limited by skull interference.
  • Intracranial implants (electrocorticography, stereoelectroencephalography) carry procedural risks.
  • Endovascular approaches offer a middle ground for neural interfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Review the evolution and device classes of endovascular neural interfaces.
  • Synthesize evidence on implantation, signal characteristics, and clinical applications.
  • Provide recommendations for neurointerventional adoption and future development.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of historical and current endovascular neural interface technologies.
  • Emphasis on clinical platforms like Stentrode and EP-01.
  • Synthesis of data on deliverability, signal quality, stimulation, and clinical translation.

Main Results:

  • Endovascular techniques provide enhanced signal quality over scalp EEG with reduced procedural risks.
  • Platforms discussed include stent-electrode arrays and catheter-based electrodes.
  • Evidence reviewed covers epilepsy evaluation, brain-computer interfaces, and translational constraints.

Conclusions:

  • Endovascular neural interfaces represent a promising advancement in brain activity monitoring and stimulation.
  • Further research, registries, and trials are needed for widespread clinical adoption.
  • Next-generation device development should address identified translational constraints.