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Survival trees are a non-parametric method used in survival analysis to model the relationship between a set of covariates and the time until an event of interest occurs, often referred to as the "time-to-event" or "survival time." This method is particularly useful when dealing with censored data, where the event has not occurred for some individuals by the end of the study period, or when the exact time of the event is unknown.
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Survival models analyze the time until one or more events occur, such as death in biological organisms or failure in mechanical systems. These models are widely used across fields like medicine, biology, engineering, and public health to study time-to-event phenomena. To ensure accurate results, survival analysis relies on key assumptions and careful study design.
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Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
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Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Constructing and Visualizing Models using Mime-based Machine-learning Framework
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A multi-modal survival prediction framework with group-based batch training and structural consistency alignment.

Wei Li1, Xiangyu Tan1

  • 1School of Automation, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150030, China.

Journal of Biomedical Informatics
|April 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

PRISM enhances cancer survival prediction by integrating whole-slide images and transcriptomic data efficiently. This novel framework improves prognostic accuracy while significantly reducing computational costs for multimodal learning.

Keywords:
Computational pathologyCross-modal alignmentMultimodal learningSurvival predictionTranscriptomicsWhole-slide images

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Area of Science:

  • Computational pathology
  • Bioinformatics
  • Machine learning for healthcare

Background:

  • Integrating whole-slide images (WSIs) and transcriptomic profiles is crucial for improving cancer survival prediction.
  • Existing methods face challenges in balancing training efficiency and data heterogeneity due to WSI gigapixel resolution and variable sequence lengths.
  • Discrepancies between histological and genomic data hinder effective cross-modal alignment and fusion, limiting prognostic accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce PRISM, an efficient multi-modal learning framework for integrating WSIs with transcriptomic profiles.
  • To address the conflict between training efficiency and data heterogeneity preservation in existing frameworks.
  • To improve cross-modal alignment and fusion for enhanced cancer survival prediction.

Main Methods:

  • PRISM employs a novel stochastic partitioning strategy to divide WSIs into main and residual subsets for efficient batch training.
  • It utilizes isolation masking in the main branch and a residual branch with tailored supervision to capture intra- and inter-slide correlations.
  • Key modules include informative token aggregation for WSI redundancy reduction and Low-rank Bilinear Gating Fusion for efficient cross-modal interaction.

Main Results:

  • PRISM achieved superior overall C-index across five TCGA cohorts compared to existing methods.
  • On the TCGA-BRCA dataset, PRISM demonstrated significantly reduced training time (6 hours) compared to strong multimodal baselines.
  • The framework showed the best overall Integrated Brier Score (IBS) ranking and favorable time-dependent AUC performance at 1, 3, and 5 years.

Conclusions:

  • PRISM offers an effective balance between predictive performance, calibration, and computational efficiency.
  • The framework shows significant potential for practical multimodal survival modeling in computational pathology.
  • PRISM represents a advancement in leveraging integrated histopathology and genomics for cancer prognosis.