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Random Practice Enhances Motor Learning in Extroverted Older Women
Ludmilla G Veigas1, Cassio M Meira1
1School of Arts, Sciences, and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Experimental Aging Research
|April 12, 2026
Summary
Older women
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Motor Learning
- Cognitive Psychology
Background:
- Motor learning in older adults is influenced by practice structure and personality traits.
- Contextual interference (CI) theory and arousal regulation suggest introversion/extraversion may moderate practice effects.
- Individual differences in personality traits can impact motor skill acquisition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if personality traits (introversion vs. extraversion) moderate the effect of practice structure (blocked vs. random) on motor learning in older women.
- To understand how personality interacts with different practice schedules for motor skill development in aging individuals.
Main Methods:
- Forty-eight women (mean age 68) were classified as introverted or extroverted.
- Participants performed golf putting tasks using blocked or random practice schedules.
- Performance was evaluated across pretest, acquisition, transfer, and retention phases.
Main Results:
- Extroverted women using random practice schedules showed better delayed transfer performance.
- This finding contrasts with studies on younger adults, indicating age-related differences.
- Aging may modify the interplay between personality and contextual interference.
Conclusions:
- Motor learning interventions for older adults should consider personality traits and practice structures.
- Individualized approaches are crucial for optimizing motor learning in aging populations.
- Future research should explore lifespan-sensitive strategies for motor skill enhancement.
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