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Knowledge graphing in forensics: Modeling forensic case trajectories using news media.

Molly Miranker1,2, Min-Hsueh Chiu3, Mayank Kejriwal3

  • 1Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA.

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|April 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a knowledge graph (KG) to track unidentified human remains in forensic investigations. The KG method reveals patterns in migrant case outcomes and identifies information gaps for improved support.

Keywords:
Neo4j softwareUS–Mexico borderforensic investigationknowledge graphsmigrant deathmortality trends

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Data Science
  • Computational Social Science

Background:

  • Formal reports often miss crucial contextual details in forensic investigations.
  • Unidentified human remains present complex challenges in tracing their spatial distribution and movements.
  • Existing methods may not fully capture the relationships and successive actions involving decedents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a knowledge graph (KG) methodology for forensic investigations.
  • To systematically incorporate qualitative and contextual information into the analysis of unidentified human remains.
  • To identify patterns and information gaps in the trajectories of migrant case outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a knowledge graph (KG) approach to aggregate qualitative information.
  • Developed a scalable graph database infrastructure for the KG.
  • Analyzed a dataset of 370 South Texas newspaper articles to trace case outcomes.
  • Identified "Situational Participants" beyond official entities.

Main Results:

  • The KG successfully modeled and incorporated contextual information into forensic analysis.
  • Patterns in the trajectories of migrant case outcomes were identified.
  • Consistent gaps in information crucial for resource allocation were detected.
  • The study highlighted the United States Border Patrol's role and identified other involved parties.

Conclusions:

  • Knowledge graphs offer a powerful tool for enhancing forensic investigations by integrating diverse data sources.
  • The KG methodology can provide deeper insights into entities and actions within forensic casework.
  • This approach has the potential to improve support and resource allocation in forensic investigations.
  • The KG framework is adaptable for broader applications along the US-Mexico border and in humanitarian contexts.