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Electrochemically Controlled Raman Response in Electropolymerized Polymethylene Blue-Gold Nanoparticle Films on
Azeneth Borja1, Fernando A Basso1, Henry S Kavazoi2
1School of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira, SP 15385-007, Brazil.
ACS Omega
|April 13, 2026
Summary
Researchers developed hybrid films of polymethylene blue (PMB) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on electrodes. These films enable electrochemical control of Raman signals for sensitive paraquat detection.
Area of Science:
- Electrochemistry
- Spectroscopy
- Materials Science
Background:
- Hybrid interfaces combining redox-active polymers and nanoparticles offer unique electrochemical and optical properties.
- Controlling Raman response through electrochemical means is crucial for advanced sensing platforms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the electrochemical control of Raman response in hybrid films of polymethylene blue (PMB) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs).
- To develop an integrated spectroelectrochemical interface for sensitive analyte detection.
Main Methods:
- Electropolymerization of PMB and AuNPs onto screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs).
- Systematic evaluation of film composition using redox probes.
- Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical measurements.
- Detection of paraquat using the developed platform.
Main Results:
- PMB@AuNP films exhibited electrochemically modulated optical and Raman responses.
- An optimized PMB:AuNP ratio of 2:1 enhanced charge transport and electrochemical performance.
- The platform achieved a limit of detection of 4.8 × 10-7 mol L-1 for paraquat.
- Raman signal enhancement was observed under resonance conditions.
Conclusions:
- Electropolymerized PMB@AuNP films on SPCEs enable electrochemically controlled Raman response.
- These hybrid films show significant potential as integrated spectroelectrochemical interfaces for sensing applications.
