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Strategies for ascertaining timing of address changes in administrative data.
Joseph Lam1, Mario Cortina-Borja1, Peter Christen2,3
1Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK.
International Journal of Population Data Science
|April 13, 2026
Summary
Estimating patient address changes in health records using three methods showed similar accuracy (~78%). This highlights the need for improved address recording in healthcare systems for better place-based health analysis.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Informatics
- Geospatial Health
Background:
- Administrative health data, including addresses, are crucial for analyzing place-based health exposures.
- Accurate temporal information on address changes is often lacking in health records, necessitating inference methods.
- Hospital records update addresses upon next service use, requiring estimation of precise change timing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the temporal accuracy of address recording in English hospital records (NHS_E).
- To compare three distinct methods for inferring address (Lower Super Output Area - LSOA) change dates.
- To assess the agreement between inferred LSOAs from hospital data and linked cohort data.
Main Methods:
- Compared LSOAs from NHS_E (n=40,102) with UK Longitudinal Linkage Collaboration cohorts (n=40,963) from 1989-2023.
- Evaluated three LSOA change estimation methods: N-1, Median, and Random (beta distribution).
- Assessed agreement between hospital-recorded and cohort-recorded LSOAs for 39,216 matching individuals.
Main Results:
- 39,216 individuals (95.7%) had matching LSOA data between datasets.
- 47% of matching LSOAs were recorded within two years of cohort dates in hospital data.
- All three inference methods showed comparable LSOA agreement of approximately 78%.
Conclusions:
- Methods for estimating LSOA changes in hospital data show similar performance despite differing update assumptions.
- Current methods for inferring address change timing in health records are reasonably accurate but not ideal.
- Further development of standardized and accurate address recording across health systems is recommended.
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