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Related Concept Videos

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Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Transperineal Prostate Biopsy Using a Cone-shaped Double-hole Method with Dual-plane Probe Guidance
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Screening for prostate cancer.

Jonathan P Bestwick1, Nicholas J Wald2

  • 1Clinical Haematology, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.

Journal of Medical Screening
|April 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new risk-based prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening approach, combined with MRI, shows promise for reducing prostate cancer deaths. This method aims to improve early detection and minimize over-diagnosis in men.

Keywords:
PSAProstate cancer screeningprostate-specific antigen

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Prostate cancer is a leading cancer diagnosis in UK men, with significant mortality.
  • Debates exist regarding over-diagnosis and the effectiveness of population-wide prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening.
  • Current UK guidelines advise against general PSA screening due to concerns about benefits and harms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a risk-based PSA screening algorithm combined with multi-parametric MRI.
  • To assess the potential of this combined approach to improve prostate cancer detection rates and reduce mortality.
  • To analyze the impact on over-diagnosis and unnecessary biopsies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a risk-based PSA screening algorithm adjusting for age-specific median PSA levels.
  • Incorporated pre-biopsy multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  • Modeled the impact of screening on mortality and over-diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • The risk-based PSA algorithm demonstrated high screening performance (90% detection rate at 2% false-positive rate).
  • PSA screening has shown a 16% reduction in prostate cancer mortality in studies.
  • Combining risk-based PSA with MRI reduces unnecessary biopsies and over-diagnosis while detecting significant disease.

Conclusions:

  • Risk-based PSA testing and multi-parametric MRI offer a promising strategy for prostate cancer screening.
  • This combined approach could significantly reduce prostate cancer deaths and limit over-diagnosis.
  • An estimated 13 deaths per 1000 men screened could be prevented, with 9 deaths prevented for each unnecessary treatment.