Current Evidence on Options and Efficacy of Combination Therapy for Myopia Control-A Narrative Review

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Optometry
• Vision Science

Background:

• Myopia progression is a growing concern, driving research into effective control strategies.
• Combination therapy is emerging as a key area of interest for managing rapidly progressing myopia.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the rationale and available options for combination therapy in myopia control.
• To assess the safety and efficacy of different combination therapy approaches.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on combination myopia control strategies.
• Analysis of studies comparing combination therapies with monotherapy for axial elongation control.

Main Results:

• Combination therapies, such as myopia control spectacles with atropine and orthokeratology with atropine, demonstrated superior control of axial elongation compared to monotherapy.
• While generally well-tolerated, combination therapies require careful assessment of side effects, compliance, and cost.
• Emerging combinations like light therapy and novel pharmacological agents need further investigation.

Conclusions:

• Combination therapy offers enhanced efficacy for myopia control, especially in fast progressors, by potentially targeting multiple biological pathways.
• Careful patient selection is advised, reserving combination therapy for individuals with rapid or predicted fast myopia progression.
• Addressing challenges like compliance, side effect management, and cost is crucial for successful implementation.