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Using Group Chats to Drive Behavior Change in Digital Health Interventions: Scoping Review and Realist Synthesis.
Hein Thu1, Felicia Jia Hui Chan2, Jumana Hashim3
1Burma Academy, Yangon, Myanmar.
Journal of Medical Internet Research
|April 13, 2026
Summary
Group chats can be effective health interventions by optimizing social dynamics and facilitation. This review maps how context and mechanisms influence outcomes in digital health strategies.
Area of Science:
- Digital Health
- Health Communication
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Group chats on platforms like WhatsApp and WeChat are crucial for communication, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
- These platforms are often overlooked by traditional one-to-one digital health tools.
- The role and mechanisms of group chats as health interventions require comprehensive examination.
Conclusions:
- This review integrates descriptive mapping with realist program theory to explain how context and facilitation drive change in group chat interventions.
- The findings offer a practical, mechanism-focused approach for designing and scaling these interventions.
- Realizing the potential of group chats requires intentional design as social environments, focusing on facilitation, equity, and alignment of structure and norms.
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