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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

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When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...
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UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions

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In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this...
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IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration

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A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
According to Hooke's law, the vibrational frequency is directly proportional to...
3.9K
IR and UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Aldehydes and Ketones01:29

IR and UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Aldehydes and Ketones

8.0K
Infrared spectroscopy, also known as vibrational spectroscopy, is mainly used to determine the types of bonds and functional groups in molecules. In aldehydes and ketones, the carbonyl (C=O) bond shows an absorption around 1710 cm-1. The C=O bond vibration of an aldehyde occurs at lower frequencies than that of a ketone. In addition to the C=O absorption in an aldehyde, the aldehydic C–H bond also gives two peaks in the 2700–2800 cm-1 range. This absorption, coupled with the...
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¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution00:52

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution

1.4K
At room temperature, the chair conformer of cyclohexane undergoes rapid ring flipping between two equivalent chair conformers at a rate of approximately 105 times per second. These two chair conformers are in equilibrium. The rapid ring flipping results in the interconversion of the axial proton to an equatorial proton and an equatorial to the axial proton. Such interconversions are too rapid and cannot be detected on the NMR timescale. Hence, the NMR spectrometer cannot distinguish between the...
1.4K
Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission01:14

Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission

5.5K
Molecules possess discrete energy levels called quantum states. Unlike atoms, which have simpler energy levels, molecules possess additional rotational and vibrational energy levels. Each energy level is separated by an energy gap, with the gaps between adjacent electronic, vibrational, and rotational levels varying significantly. The three types of energy levels in a diatomic molecule are shown in Figure 1.
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Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization
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High-Resolution Ro-Vibrational and Rotational Spectroscopy of the Open-Shell, Linear CCH+ Ion (3Π).

Kim Steenbakkers1,2, Weslley G D P Silva3, Oskar Asvany3

  • 1HFML-FELIX, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. A
|April 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

We mapped the high-resolution infrared spectrum of the carbon chain radical CCH+, revealing detailed molecular properties. This data aids in detecting CCH+ in space, crucial for astrochemistry and astrobiology.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular spectroscopy
  • Astrochemistry
  • Quantum chemistry

Background:

  • The carbon chain radical CCH+ is a key molecule in interstellar chemistry.
  • Understanding its spectroscopic properties is vital for its detection and characterization in space.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To obtain high-resolution infrared spectra of CCH+.
  • To derive accurate spectroscopic parameters for its ground and excited vibrational states.
  • To facilitate the search for CCH+ in astronomical environments.

Main Methods:

  • Leak-out spectroscopy in the 3066-3184 cm-1 range.
  • Analysis of 385 ro-vibrational lines.
  • Two-color millimeterwave-infrared spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • Accurate spectroscopic descriptions of ground and excited vibrational states of CCH+.
  • Determination of band origins, spin-orbit coupling, rotational, centrifugal distortion, and Λ-doubling constants.
  • Observation of pure rotational transitions (J″=2–6) with resolved hyperfine splittings.

Conclusions:

  • The derived spectroscopic data enables precise identification of CCH+.
  • This research has already led to the detection of CCH+ in the Orion Bar.
  • The findings support future astronomical searches for CCH+ using radio and infrared telescopes like JWST.