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Friction-Induced Thermal Effects in an FGM Layer in Contact with a Homogeneous Layer
1Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 45C Wiejska Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 14, 2026
Summary
This study models frictional heat transfer in layered materials, focusing on functionally graded materials (FGMs). Results show FGMs can significantly improve heat dissipation and cooling for better thermal management.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Thermodynamics
- Heat Transfer
Background:
- Frictional heat generation is critical in tribological systems.
- Understanding heat transfer in layered materials with varying properties is essential for performance and durability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an analytical model for frictional heat transfer in a two-layer system.
- To investigate the influence of functionally graded materials (FGMs) on thermal behavior.
- To analyze the impact of various parameters on temperature evolution and steady-state conditions.
Main Methods:
- Formulation of the thermal problem as an initial boundary value problem.
- Application of Laplace integral transform for an exact solution.
- Utilizing dimensional analysis for parameter investigation.
Main Results:
- An exact analytical solution for constant friction power was derived.
- The study analyzed the effects of contact conductance, convective heat exchange, layer thickness, and FGM gradient parameter.
- Demonstrated that FGMs enhance heat dissipation and convective cooling.
Conclusions:
- Functionally graded materials offer improved thermal management in frictional systems.
- Optimized FGM design can lead to better heat dissipation and intensified cooling.
- The analytical model provides a basis for designing advanced tribological components.
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