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Related Concept Videos

Thermodynamic Systems01:06

Thermodynamic Systems

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A thermodynamic system is a set of objects whose thermodynamic properties are of interest. The system is considered to be embedded in its surroundings or the environment. The system and its environment can exchange heat and do work on each other through a boundary that separates them. However, the immediate surroundings of the system interact with it directly and therefore have a much stronger influence on its behavior and properties.
Consider an example of  tea boiling in a kettle. The...
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Thermal Sigmatropic Reactions: Overview01:16

Thermal Sigmatropic Reactions: Overview

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Sigmatropic rearrangements are a class of pericyclic reactions in which a σ bond migrates from one part of a π system to another. These are intramolecular rearrangements where the total number of σ and π bonds remain unchanged.
Sigmatropic shifts are classified based on an order term [i, j ], where i and j indicate the number of atoms across which each end of the σ bond migrates. Below are examples of a [3,3] sigmatropic shift in...
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

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Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant...
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II01:20

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

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In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
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Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

Mechanism of heat transfer

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Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

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Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Identification and Quantification of Decomposition Mechanisms in Lithium-Ion Batteries; Input to Heat Flow Simulation for Modeling Thermal Runaway
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Identification and Quantification of Decomposition Mechanisms in Lithium-Ion Batteries; Input to Heat Flow Simulation for Modeling Thermal Runaway

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Enhanced Structural Decoupling and Spatiotemporal Evolution of Thermal-Mass Coupling in LaNi5-Based Solid-State

Tao Wu1, Yayi Wang1, Yuhang Liu2

  • 1Institute of New Energy Science and Technology, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Improving solid-state hydrogen storage requires understanding spatiotemporal evolution. This study develops a model for LaNi5 reactors, revealing structural designs like honeycomb structures significantly enhance hydrogen absorption and desorption efficiency.

Keywords:
LaNi5metal hydridesspatiotemporal evolutionstructural decouplingthermal–mass coupling

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Hydrogen Production and Utilization in a Membrane Reactor
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A Simple, Low-cost, and Robust System to Measure the Volume of Hydrogen Evolved by Chemical Reactions with Aqueous Solutions
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A Simple, Low-cost, and Robust System to Measure the Volume of Hydrogen Evolved by Chemical Reactions with Aqueous Solutions

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Hydrogen Production and Utilization in a Membrane Reactor
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A Simple, Low-cost, and Robust System to Measure the Volume of Hydrogen Evolved by Chemical Reactions with Aqueous Solutions
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A Simple, Low-cost, and Robust System to Measure the Volume of Hydrogen Evolved by Chemical Reactions with Aqueous Solutions

Published on: August 17, 2016

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science and Engineering
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Hydrogen energy is crucial for the global energy transition, necessitating efficient and safe hydrogen storage solutions.
  • Solid-state metal hydrides offer potential for hydrogen storage but face kinetic limitations like slow reactions and spatial heterogeneity.
  • Existing research on metal hydride performance lacks a deep understanding of spatiotemporal evolution mechanisms and their link to internal structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically elucidate the spatiotemporal evolution patterns in a LaNi5-based hydrogen storage reactor.
  • To propose a structural decoupling framework for optimizing thermal-mass transfer resistance.
  • To investigate the impact of internal reactor architectures on hydrogen storage performance.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a 3D multiphysics model for a LaNi5-based reactor.
  • Analysis of spatiotemporal evolution patterns during hydrogen absorption and desorption.
  • Quantitative comparison of different internal structures (straight-pipe, spiral-tube, honeycomb) for thermal-mass decoupling.

Main Results:

  • Identified distinct three-stage evolution in both absorption and desorption, shifting from kinetic to transfer limitations.
  • Revealed core self-inhibition during absorption and inner-layer lag during desorption due to thermal-mass coupling.
  • Demonstrated that internal architectures like honeycomb structures significantly reduce absorption (89.1%) and desorption (86.6%) times by improving thermal-mass decoupling.

Conclusions:

  • Thermal-mass coupling is the root cause of spatial heterogeneity in solid-state hydrogen storage.
  • Internal reactor architecture plays a critical role in achieving effective thermal-mass decoupling.
  • The honeycomb structure offers a promising design for high-efficiency, uniform solid-state hydrogen storage reactors.