Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment

Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment

Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:

Pneumonia IV: Management

Pneumonia IV: Management

The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:

Atypical Pneumonia

Atypical Pneumonia

Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Three versus six weeks of corticosteroids for mild immune-related pneumonitis: a randomized trial.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine·2026

Same author

Impact of Oxygenated Hypothermic Machine Perfusion for Pig Small Intestine.

Transplantation proceedings·2026

Same author

Intraoperative functional zero-position is associated with superior outcomes after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty for cuff tear arthropathy: a retrospective comparative study.

Journal of shoulder and elbow arthroplasty·2026

Same author

Biosynthesis of High Molecular Weight Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) by Wild-Type <i>Cupriavidus necator</i> H16 Using Sugar Acids as the Carbon Source.

ACS omega·2026

Same author

Clinical Feasibility of Platinum-Based Chemotherapy Followed by Avelumab Maintenance after Enfortumab Vedotin plus Pembrolizumab in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: A Case Series.

Chemotherapy·2026

Same author

Robot-Assisted Vs. Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty for UPJO: A Single-Center, Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of Surgical Outcomes.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors

Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors

Published on: February 25, 2020

Clinical Analysis of Relapse Risk in Immune-Checkpoint-Inhibitor-Related Pneumonitis.

Kanae Maruyama¹, Mitsuhiro Abe^1,2, Takeshi Kawasaki¹

¹Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi 260-8670, Chiba, Japan.

Journal of Clinical Medicine

|April 14, 2026

Summary

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related pneumonitis (CIP) may relapse. Non-smokers, those with Grade 2 pneumonitis, lower KL-6 levels, and shorter steroid treatment durations were more likely to experience CIP relapse.

Keywords:

checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (CIP)immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)lung injury relapse steroid therapy

More Related Videos

Monitoring PD-1-Blocking Antibodies Bound to T Cells Derived from a Drop of Peripheral Blood

Monitoring PD-1-Blocking Antibodies Bound to T Cells Derived from a Drop of Peripheral Blood

Published on: February 5, 2020

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Role of Inflammation in the Co-occurrence of Primary Sjogren's Syndrome and Lung Adenocarcinoma

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Role of Inflammation in the Co-occurrence of Primary Sjogren's Syndrome and Lung Adenocarcinoma

Published on: September 20, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors

Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors

Published on: February 25, 2020

Monitoring PD-1-Blocking Antibodies Bound to T Cells Derived from a Drop of Peripheral Blood

Monitoring PD-1-Blocking Antibodies Bound to T Cells Derived from a Drop of Peripheral Blood

Published on: February 5, 2020

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Role of Inflammation in the Co-occurrence of Primary Sjogren's Syndrome and Lung Adenocarcinoma

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Role of Inflammation in the Co-occurrence of Primary Sjogren's Syndrome and Lung Adenocarcinoma

Published on: September 20, 2024

Area of Science:

Oncology
Pulmonology
Immunology

Background:

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can cause pneumonitis (CIP), which may recur despite steroid treatment.
Clinical predictors for CIP relapse remain poorly understood.
This study aimed to identify factors associated with CIP relapse.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate clinical factors associated with relapse in patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (CIP) during or after steroid treatment.
To identify risk factors for CIP recurrence.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 1099 patients receiving ICIs, focusing on 39 who developed CIP and were treated with steroids.
Patients were categorized into relapse and non-relapse groups based on CIP recurrence.
Comparison of patient characteristics, clinical features, and treatment strategies between groups.

Main Results:

Thirteen patients (33.3%) experienced relapse.
Relapse was associated with non-smoking status, Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Grade 2 pneumonitis, and lower serum KL-6 levels.
Shorter steroid therapy duration and lower cumulative steroid doses were observed in the relapse group.

Conclusions:

Non-smoking, CTCAE Grade 2 pneumonitis, low KL-6, shorter steroid duration, and lower cumulative steroid dose are potential risk factors for CIP relapse.
Optimizing steroid dosage and tapering protocols may be crucial for preventing CIP relapse.