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Autoimmune Gastritis and Gastric Cancer Risk: Endoscopic and Histopathological Outcomes
Laura Moreu1, Irina Luzko1,2,3,4, Joan Llach2,3,4
1Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salud, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|April 14, 2026
Summary
Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) surveillance is crucial, detecting advanced premalignant lesions in 15.7% and gastric cancer in 5.7% of patients. Older age increases risk, while female sex may offer protection.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Immunology
- Oncology
Background:
- Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is a chronic condition causing stomach atrophy and increasing risks for gastric cancer and neuroendocrine tumors.
- Diagnosis is challenging due to long asymptomatic periods and varied symptoms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of gastric cancer and advanced premalignant lesions in AIG patients.
- To identify risk factors for worse endoscopic outcomes in AIG.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational study of 70 AIG patients (2006-2024) at Hospital Clínic de Barcelona.
- Patients identified via autoantibodies; data analyzed for clinical, serological, endoscopic, and histological factors.
- Logistic regression used to evaluate risk factors for advanced neoplastic findings.
Main Results:
- 15.7% of patients had advanced premalignant lesions (dysplasia); 5.7% had gastric cancer.
- Atrophy and intestinal metaplasia were highly prevalent (98.6% and 74.3%).
- Older age at diagnosis increased risk (OR=1.06), while female sex decreased risk (OR=0.24).
Conclusions:
- Endoscopic surveillance is vital for early detection of premalignant lesions in AIG.
- Age and sex may inform future risk stratification models for AIG.
- Complexity of AIG progression necessitates individualized follow-up protocols due to limited predictors.
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