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Impact of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Multiple Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Hilal Işık1, Kader Kübra Demirdöğen2, Teoman Çakır3
1Department of Clinical Pharmacy, İzmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, 35360 Izmir, Turkey.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|April 14, 2026
Summary
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2Is) significantly improved cardiometabolic markers in Type 2 Diabetes patients. Short-term follow-up showed favorable safety, with no increased adverse events.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Nephrology
Background:
- Retrospective analysis of Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2Is) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).
- Investigated therapeutic effects on glycemic, cardiovascular, and renal outcomes.
- Leveraged proven benefits of SGLT2Is in multiple physiological systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors in T2DM patients.
- To assess the impact of SGLT2Is on metabolic, biochemical, and renal parameters.
- To determine the short-term safety profile of SGLT2Is in a real-world clinical setting.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of 200 T2DM patients (100 SGLT2I-treated, 100 controls).
- Data collected from electronic health records.
- Follow-up duration exceeding 6 months.
Main Results:
- SGLT2I group showed significant reductions in Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), HbA1c, weight, Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP).
- No significant difference in estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) change between groups.
- Favorable safety profile observed, with no increase in adverse events, euglycemic ketoacidosis, or Fournier's gangrene.
Conclusions:
- SGLT2Is demonstrate significant short-term efficacy in improving cardiometabolic parameters in T2DM.
- SGLT2Is appear safe for short-term use in this patient population.
- Further large-scale, long-term studies are warranted to confirm safety and efficacy in broader clinical practice.
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