Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...

Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Synthesis

Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Synthesis

Drugs affecting neurotransmitter synthesis can impact the adrenergic neuron and the synthesis of neurotransmitters. For example, α-methyltyrosine and carbidopa target specific enzymes involved in catecholamine synthesis. α-methyltyrosine inhibits the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase, which converts tyrosine into dopamine. By blocking this enzyme, α-methyltyrosine reduces dopamine production and other catecholamines. Carbidopa, on the other hand, inhibits the enzyme dopa decarboxylase,...

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when...

Gut-Brain Axis

Gut-Brain Axis

The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication system that connects the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. This interaction is mediated through multiple pathways, including the vagus nerve, hormonal signals, immune responses, and chemical messengers produced by gut microbes.Microbial Contributions to Brain FunctionGut microbiota contributes significantly to brain function by producing neuroactive compounds. These include neuroactive compounds that influence neurotransmitters such...

The Blood-brain Barrier

The Blood-brain Barrier

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Neuroprotective and Neurotrophic Potential of <i>Flammulina velutipes</i> Extracts in Primary Hippocampal Neuronal Culture.

Nutrients·2025

Same author

Novel intranasal delivery of sihosogansan demonstrates rapid antidepressant activity via GABAergic and BDNF/TrkB pathways: identification of potential bioactive quality markers.

Chinese medicine·2025

Same author

Disclosing Pathogenic Variant Effects on the Structural Dynamics of the VAPB MSP Domain Causing Familial ALS.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025

Same author

Neurotrophic Effects of <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Ethanol Extracts on Hippocampal Neurons: Role of Anethole in Neurite Outgrowth and Synaptic Development.

International journal of molecular sciences·2024

Same author

Protective Effects of Anethole in <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Mill. Seed Ethanol Extract on Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury in H9C2 Heart Myoblast Cells.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)·2024

Same author

Structural Dynamics Analysis of USP14 Activation by AKT-Mediated Phosphorylation.

Cells·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

An Improved Protocol to Purify and Directly Mono-Biotinylate Recombinant BDNF in a Tube for Cellular Trafficking Studies in Neurons

An Improved Protocol to Purify and Directly Mono-Biotinylate Recombinant BDNF in a Tube for Cellular Trafficking Studies in Neurons

Published on: July 11, 2020

Bacopa monnieri Promotes Neuronal Development by Regulating the Neurotrophin Signaling Pathway.

Raju Dash^1,2,3, Sarmistha Mitra^1,2,4, Nayan Dash⁵

¹Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|April 14, 2026

Summary

Bacopa monnieri extract promotes neuronal development by enhancing neurite outgrowth and synaptic plasticity via the TrkA receptor pathway. This suggests potential for cognitive disorder therapeutics.

Keywords:

Bacopa Monnieri network pharmacology neuritogenesis neuronal development synaptogenesis

More Related Videos

Cellular Membrane Affinity Chromatography Columns to Identify Specialized Plant Metabolites Interacting with Immobilized Tropomyosin Kinase Receptor B

Cellular Membrane Affinity Chromatography Columns to Identify Specialized Plant Metabolites Interacting with Immobilized Tropomyosin Kinase Receptor B

Published on: January 19, 2022

Stereotaxic Infusion of Oligomeric Amyloid-beta into the Mouse Hippocampus

Stereotaxic Infusion of Oligomeric Amyloid-beta into the Mouse Hippocampus

Published on: June 17, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 15, 2026

An Improved Protocol to Purify and Directly Mono-Biotinylate Recombinant BDNF in a Tube for Cellular Trafficking Studies in Neurons

An Improved Protocol to Purify and Directly Mono-Biotinylate Recombinant BDNF in a Tube for Cellular Trafficking Studies in Neurons

Published on: July 11, 2020

Cellular Membrane Affinity Chromatography Columns to Identify Specialized Plant Metabolites Interacting with Immobilized Tropomyosin Kinase Receptor B

Cellular Membrane Affinity Chromatography Columns to Identify Specialized Plant Metabolites Interacting with Immobilized Tropomyosin Kinase Receptor B

Published on: January 19, 2022

Stereotaxic Infusion of Oligomeric Amyloid-beta into the Mouse Hippocampus

Stereotaxic Infusion of Oligomeric Amyloid-beta into the Mouse Hippocampus

Published on: June 17, 2015

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Pharmacology
Phytochemistry

Background:

Bacopa monnieri is traditionally used for cognitive enhancement.
Mechanisms of Bacopa monnieri's neuronal effects are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the mechanism of Bacopa monnieri's neurodevelopmental effects.
To investigate the role of TrkA signaling in Bacopa monnieri's action.

Main Methods:

Primary hippocampal neuronal cultures treated with Bacopa monnieri ethanolic extract (BMEE).
In silico network pharmacology and molecular docking.
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for metabolite identification.
TrkA receptor inhibition assay.

Main Results:

BMEE promoted neuritogenesis, neuronal maturation, and axonal/dendritic outgrowth.
BMEE increased NMDA receptor expression, indicating synaptic plasticity regulation.
The neuritogenic effect was TrkA-dependent, with metabolites binding to the TrkA receptor.

Conclusions:

Bacopa monnieri promotes neuronal development through a TrkA-mediated pathway.
Bioactive metabolites in BMEE show potential for developing cognitive disorder treatments.