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Exploring the Connection Between Ultra-Processed Foods and Breast Cancer: From Adiposity to Inflammation and Beyond.

Rodrigo Soares Pereira Lima1, Jheniffer da Silva Sousa1, Dallyla Jennifer Morais de Sousa1

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Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption is linked to obesity and increased breast cancer (BC) risk. Reducing UPFs may help prevent these conditions, highlighting the need for public health strategies.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption is rising globally.
  • UPFs are associated with metabolic dysregulation, including weight gain, insulin resistance, inflammation, and hormonal changes.
  • Obesity is a known risk factor for breast cancer (BC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review epidemiological and mechanistic evidence linking UPF consumption, obesity, and BC risk.
  • To understand the role of UPFs as a potential intermediary factor in obesity-related breast carcinogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative review of articles from PubMed, SciELO, and ScienceDirect.
  • Search terms included ultra-processed foods, obesity, and breast cancer.
  • Synthesis of existing epidemiological and mechanistic data.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests a positive association between high UPF intake and increased risk of obesity and BC.
  • Metabolic alterations induced by UPFs may create a tumor-promoting microenvironment.
  • UPF consumption is identified as a modifiable risk factor.

Conclusions:

  • Excessive UPF consumption is a preventable risk factor for obesity and breast cancer.
  • Integrated strategies involving dietary guidance, public health policy, and cancer prevention are necessary.
  • Reducing UPF intake is crucial for public health and cancer prevention efforts.