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Advances in Male Reproductive Toxicology of Nanoplastics: Potential Risks to Human Reproduction-A Systematic Review
Hang Han1, Bo Xu1, Xiuying Pei1
1Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|April 14, 2026
Summary
Microplastics and nanoplastics (MPs/NPs) pose risks to reproductive health. Exposure can impair sperm quality, disrupt testicular and ovarian function, and alter reproductive hormones, necessitating further research and policy action.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Toxicology
- Reproductive Biology
Background:
- Microplastics and nanoplastics (MPs/NPs) are widespread environmental contaminants.
- Concerns are rising regarding their potential human health risks, particularly reproductive toxicity.
- Nanoplastics (<100 nm) are of special interest due to their ability to breach biological barriers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize current knowledge on reproductive toxicity induced by MPs/NPs.
- To focus on nanoplastics and their mechanisms of action.
- To review exposure pathways, effects, and potential interventions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search.
- Analysis of in vitro, animal, and human studies.
- Review of exposure routes (ingestion, inhalation, dermal contact).
Main Results:
- MPs/NPs can diminish sperm quality and motility.
- Testicular histology and ovarian folliculogenesis can be disrupted.
- Hormonal dysregulation and granulosa cell apoptosis are observed.
Conclusions:
- MPs/NPs present a significant threat to reproductive health.
- Further research is needed on exposure levels, chronic effects, and combined toxicities.
- Preventive strategies and evidence-based policies are crucial for mitigating risks.
Keywords:
environmental pollutionenvironmental toxicologyhealth riskmicro/nanoplasticsreproductive healthreproductive toxicologyMore Related Videos
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