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Rosin-Modified Microcrystalline Cellulose for Enhancing Polylactic Acid-Based Composites with Good Interfacial

Fuquan Zhao1, Xiaoyu Xie1, Yu Meng2

  • 1Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food, National Engineering Research Center of Biomaterials, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Bamboo and Wood Carbon·Fixation Materials and Structures, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.

Polymers
|April 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study enhances polylactic acid (PLA) composites by modifying microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) with rosin. The resulting PLA/MCC-R composites exhibit improved mechanical properties, making them suitable for sustainable applications.

Keywords:
interfacial compatibilitymicrocrystalline cellulosepolylactic acidrosin emulsionscrew extrusion

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Composite Materials

Background:

  • Polylactic acid (PLA)/cellulose composites suffer from poor interfacial compatibility and mechanical strength.
  • This limits their widespread use in various applications.
  • Developing effective modification strategies is crucial for advancing these biocomposites.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the interfacial incompatibility in PLA/cellulose composites.
  • To develop a novel method for modifying microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) using rosin emulsion.
  • To fabricate and characterize PLA composites reinforced with modified MCC.

Main Methods:

  • Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was modified with rosin emulsion.
  • The modified MCC (MCC-R) was used to reinforce PLA via a one-step twin-screw extrusion process.
  • Mechanical properties (flexural strength, tensile strength, Young's modulus, elongation at break) were evaluated.

Main Results:

  • Rosin successfully modified MCC surfaces, creating a hydrophobic interface while preserving cellulose I crystalline structure.
  • PLA/MCC-R composites with 8 wt% MCC-R showed significantly enhanced mechanical properties.
  • Specific improvements included flexural strength (125.5 MPa), tensile strength (30.8 MPa), Young's modulus (1.19 GPa), and elongation at break (3.07%).

Conclusions:

  • The rosin modification strategy provides a facile and sustainable method for improving PLA/cellulose composite interfaces.
  • Enhanced filler dispersion and interfacial stress transfer contribute to the improved mechanical robustness.
  • These multifunctional PLA composites hold promise for applications in eco-friendly packaging and biodegradable products.