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Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores

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Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Integrated Field Lysimetry and Porewater Sampling for Evaluation of Chemical Mobility in Soils and Established Vegetation

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Published on: July 4, 2014

Does Epiphytic Lichen Translocation Work? Methods, Outcomes and Future Perspectives.

Sonia Ravera¹, Marta Agostini², Elisabetta Bianchi³

¹Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STeBiCeF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 38, 90123 Palermo, Italy.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

|April 14, 2026

Summary

Epiphytic lichen translocation shows promise for short-term survival but lacks evidence of long-term population stability. Further research is needed to improve methods for effective conservation of these sensitive forest species.

Keywords:

assisted relocation conservation translocation endangered lichens reinforcement reintroduction

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Area of Science:

Ecology
Conservation Biology
Mycology

Background:

Epiphytic lichens are vital forest ecosystem components threatened by habitat loss and climate change.
Translocation is a conservation tool for declining lichen populations, but its global effectiveness is under-assessed.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate current methodologies and outcomes of epiphytic lichen translocation as a conservation strategy.
To identify limitations and research gaps in translocation practices for epiphytic lichens.

Main Methods:

A scoping review following PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
Analysis of 30 lichen taxa across 12 countries focusing on translocation techniques and success metrics.

Main Results:

Most studies used small-scale, method-focused approaches, primarily thallus fragment translocation over diaspore-based methods.
Success evaluation often relied on short-term survival, neglecting long-term population viability and reproductive success.
Technical issues and microhabitat mismatches were significant limitations, despite frequent reports of high initial survival.

Conclusions:

Translocation can aid short-term establishment locally but requires further validation for long-term conservation effectiveness.
A critical gap exists in long-term monitoring and research on genetic resilience and secondary colonization.
Future efforts need enhanced technical precision and conceptual clarity for successful epiphytic lichen conservation in changing landscapes.