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Investigating Interactions Between Histone Modifying Enzymes and Transcription Factors in vivo by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer

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FAD-Linked Oxidoreductase Protein 1 (FLO1) Coordinates Grain Development and Drought Tolerance in Rice.

Uzair Ullah¹, Lubna Khan², Jia-Jun Ma¹

¹National Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

|April 14, 2026

Summary

A newly discovered gene, OsFLO1, enhances rice grain yield and drought tolerance. This finding offers a promising target for improving global food security through better crop resilience.

Keywords:

FAD-linked oxidoreductase protein OsWRKY53 drought tolerance grain size rice (Oryza sativa L.)

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Published on: August 4, 2018

Area of Science:

Plant Biology
Genetics
Agricultural Science

Background:

Rice grain yield and drought tolerance are crucial for global food security.
Few genes are known to simultaneously regulate both rice grain development and drought stress tolerance.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and characterize novel genes that regulate both rice grain development and drought tolerance.
To investigate the function of the FAD-linked oxidoreductase gene, OsFLO1, in rice.

Main Methods:

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify natural variations in OsFLO1.
Functional analysis of OsFLO1 using overexpression (OX) and knockout (CR) rice lines.
Investigating the regulatory mechanism involving OsWRKY53 binding to the OsFLO1 promoter.

Main Results:

OsFLO1 exhibits natural variation linked to geographic adaptation to rainfall patterns.
Overexpression of OsFLO1 resulted in larger grains and improved panicle traits.
OsFLO1 knockout lines showed reduced grain size and yield but increased tiller number.
OsFLO1 overexpression lines demonstrated enhanced drought tolerance with increased root length and antioxidant activity.
OsFLO1 knockout lines exhibited impaired drought stress responses.
OsWRKY53 was identified as a direct activator of OsFLO1 expression.

Conclusions:

OsFLO1 acts as a dual regulator, coordinating rice grain development and drought tolerance.
OsFLO1 is a promising genetic target for enhancing rice productivity and stress resilience.
The OsWRKY53-OsFLO1 regulatory pathway is key to balancing grain yield and stress response in rice.