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Published on: January 7, 2014
Pharmacogenomic and inflammatory determinants of antipsychotic-induced extrapyramidal toxicity in Egyptian patients
Asmaa Mohamed Sayed Ahmed1, Asmaa Mohammad Moawad1, Mennat-Allah Tarek2
1Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Background:
Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) are side effects of antipsychotic therapy, and genetic and inflammatory mechanisms may contribute to EPS risk. This study investigated the associations among ABCC2 (rs4148396) gene polymorphisms, serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, and risperidone-induced EPS among patients with schizophrenia.
Research Design And Methods:
This cross-sectional association study utilized a case - control recruitment strategy that included 90 male schizophrenia inpatients treated with risperidone for ≥2 weeks. EPS cases (n = 32) and controls (n = 58) were diagnosed via a composite EPS assessment, with EPS defined as meeting diagnostic criteria on any of the applied EPS scales. ABCC2 genotyping and IL-6 measurement were performed via the TaqMan assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively.
Results:
EPS were present in 35.6% of the participants. The TT genotype of ABCC2 was significantly more common in EPS patients (18.8%) than in controls (6.9%) (p = 0.017). Logistic regression identified the TT genotype (OR = 5.46, 95% CI = 1.20-24.77, p = 0.028), longer illness duration (OR =1.09, 95% CI = 1.02-1.16, p = 0.010), and nonsmoking status (OR =0.31, 95% CI = 0.11-0.84, p = 0.021) as significant EPS predictors. IL-6 levels did not differ between the groups (p = 0.875).
Conclusion:
The ABCC2 (rs4148396) polymorphism, longer illness duration, and nonsmoking status influence risperidone-induced EPS risk in Egyptian male patients with schizophrenia.
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