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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...

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Diagnostic techniques for demodicosis: a systematic review.

Patricia Bodas Gallego1, Héctor Perandones González2

  • 1unit of Dermatology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, León, Spain - pbodasg@saludcastillayleon.es.

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|April 14, 2026
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Summary

Diagnosing demodicosis, a skin condition caused by Demodex mites, is challenging. This review evaluated diagnostic methods, finding direct microscopic examination and dermoscopy most common, but an optimal approach remains elusive.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Parasitology
  • Diagnostic Medicine

Background:

  • Demodicosis is caused by Demodex mite overproliferation, presenting diagnostic challenges due to mite commensalism in healthy skin.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment of demodicosis.
  • This review focuses on evaluating the diagnostic performance of various methods for cutaneous demodicosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and evaluate the diagnostic performance of methods used for diagnosing demodicosis.
  • To compare the accuracy of different diagnostic techniques for demodicosis.
  • To identify the most effective diagnostic approaches for demodicosis.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was performed across major databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Dialnet) for studies published between 2000 and 2025.
  • 18 studies focusing on diagnostic accuracy were included after screening 1765 records.
  • Methods evaluated included standardized skin surface biopsy, direct microscopic examination, dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy, and molecular techniques (PCR, NGS).

Main Results:

  • The review included 18 studies (3 cross-sectional, 8 prospective, 3 retrospective, 2 case-control, 2 controlled clinical trials) involving 2187 patients.
  • Direct microscopic examination and dermoscopy were the most frequently utilized diagnostic techniques.
  • Molecular methods like next-generation sequencing and polymerase chain reaction were also assessed for demodicosis diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • The heterogeneity among the included studies makes it challenging to pinpoint a single optimal diagnostic method for demodicosis.
  • The choice of diagnostic approach should be individualized based on the specific clinical context and available resources.
  • Further research may be needed to establish standardized, highly accurate diagnostic protocols for demodicosis.