[Management of emergencies in rheumatology]

Emergencies in rheumatology can present with a wide range of symptoms and findings, often requiring rapid diagnostics and treatment to prevent permanent damage or avert life-threatening conditions. This article aims to provide an overview of important differential diagnoses that should be considered in rheumatologic and/or immunosuppressed patients presenting in an emergency setting. It covers conditions such as septic arthritis, giant cell arteritis, acute adrenal insufficiency, the differential diagnosis of respiratory symptoms and acute kidney injury, macrophage activation syndrome, and catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome. In this article, the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and acute management of these conditions are discussed and explained.