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Study of Free-Space Optical Quantum Network: Review and Prospectives.

Hua-Ying Liu1, Zhenda Xie1, Shining Zhu1

  • 1National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Key Laboratory of Microwave Photonics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.

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Free-space quantum networks utilize ground stations, satellites, and mobile platforms for quantum communication. These approaches overcome fiber limitations, enabling flexible and long-distance quantum information technology applications.

Keywords:
free‐space quantum networkground stationmobile platformssatellites

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Technology
  • Optical Quantum Networks
  • Free-Space Quantum Communication

Background:

  • Optical quantum networks are crucial for quantum information technologies like communication and computing.
  • Free-space quantum networks offer advantages over fiber-based systems by avoiding scattering losses and enabling flexible connections.
  • Recent advancements have focused on free-space quantum networks using ground stations, satellites, and mobile platforms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze free-space quantum network experiments.
  • To compare the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of ground, satellite, and mobile platforms.
  • To discuss future prospects, challenges, and enabling technologies for practical quantum networks.

Main Methods:

  • Review of free-space quantum network experiments.
  • Comparative analysis of different platform types (ground stations, satellites, mobile platforms).
  • Discussion of future trends and technological requirements.

Main Results:

  • Fixed ground stations have achieved 144 km links.
  • Satellites enable intercontinental connections exceeding 1000 km.
  • Mobile platforms, including drones, offer flexible user connections.

Conclusions:

  • Each platform (ground, satellite, mobile) has unique roles and limitations in free-space quantum networks.
  • Integration with fiber networks is key for a practical quantum network.
  • Overcoming key challenges requires advancements in enabling technologies.