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Enhancing Pb2+ removal using a novel cerium-based metal organic framework: Post-synthetic modification and response

Shashi Bhushan Singh1, Ahana Dutta2, Sukanya Kundu1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.

Journal of Environmental Management
|April 14, 2026
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Summary

A novel Cerium (Ce)-based metal-organic framework, Ce-MOF-808, modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), effectively removes lead (Pb2+) from water. This adsorbent achieves high removal efficiency, meeting stringent drinking water standards.

Keywords:
3-AminopropyltriethoxysilaneCeriumLeadMetal-organic frameworkResponse surface methodologyWastewater treatment

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Heavy metal contamination, particularly lead (Pb2+), in water poses significant environmental and health risks.
  • Effective and sustainable remediation strategies are crucial for ensuring water safety and compliance with regulatory standards.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel Cerium (Ce)-based metal-organic framework, Ce-MOF-808, functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) for efficient Pb2+ removal from aqueous solutions.
  • To investigate the adsorption performance, kinetics, thermodynamics, and optimize the process for lead remediation.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of Ce-MOF-808 at ambient temperature followed by APTES grafting using a hydrothermal method.
  • Characterization of the synthesized Ce-MOF-808-APTES material using various analytical techniques.
  • Batch adsorption experiments to assess the impact of pH, adsorbent dose, initial concentration, temperature, and contact time on Pb2+ removal.
  • Kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic modeling to understand the adsorption mechanism.
  • Optimization of adsorption conditions using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Design (CCD).

Main Results:

  • Ce-MOF-808-APTES demonstrated high removal efficiency (99.87%) for Pb2+ at 10 ppm, reducing residual levels to 0.01 ppm, meeting WHO standards.
  • The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models, indicating a maximum adsorption capacity of 184.32 mg g-1.
  • Thermodynamic analysis confirmed the adsorption as spontaneous and exothermic.
  • RSM optimization yielded a robust quadratic model (R2 = 0.99) for predicting optimal conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Ce-MOF-808-APTES is a highly efficient and promising adsorbent for lead remediation from contaminated water.
  • The material's performance meets regulatory standards, highlighting its potential for practical wastewater treatment applications.
  • Further research is warranted to explore its efficacy for other heavy metal contaminants.