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Imaging interface-controlled bulk oxygen spillover.

Weijue Wang1,2, Hongbin Xu3, Shuhui Liu4

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China.

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|April 14, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals bulk oxygen spillover in Ruthenium/Titanium Dioxide (Ru/TiO2) catalysts, where oxygen moves through the interface, not the surface. This discovery highlights the importance of metal-support interfaces in catalysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Catalysis
  • Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Spillover, the diffusion of species between active metals and supports, is crucial in catalysis, particularly for reactions involving hydrogen and oxygen.
  • While surface spillover is well-studied, the role of the bulk catalyst in reactions via non-surface spillover remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate oxygen spillover in Ruthenium/Titanium Dioxide (Ru/TiO2) catalysts.
  • To determine if bulk catalyst participates in reactions through non-surface spillover mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized in situ environmental transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to track oxygen spillover.
  • Employed picometre-precision tracing of atomic displacement to detect lattice strain and oxygen transport pathways.

Main Results:

  • Observed lattice oxygen transporting directly from the TiO2 substrate to Ru particles via the Ru/TiO2 interface, bypassing surface diffusion.
  • Detected reversible strain in the TiO2 subsurface lattice, creating channels for oxygen transport.
  • Found that oxygen spillover is active in Ru/rutile-TiO2 but inactive in Ru/anatase-TiO2, dependent on the metal-support interface structure.

Conclusions:

  • Bulk oxygen spillover is a viable mechanism in supported metal catalysts with interfacial epitaxy.
  • The adaptability of the metal-support interface is key to controlling oxygen spillover.
  • Rational engineering of metal-support interfaces is significant for activating bulk oxygen in catalysts for reactions.