Triglyceride-glucose-Body Mass Index is linked to papillary thyroid carcinoma odds in China: a retrospective study

The incidence of thyroid cancer is gradually increasing year by year, with papillary thyroid carcinoma being the predominant type of thyroid cancer. Exploring the risk factors for papillary thyroid carcinoma is crucial for predicting and treating papillary thyroid carcinoma. This research investigated the correlation between the odds of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and the triglyceride-glucose-Body Mass Index (TyG-BMI) among the Chinese population.

The study enrolled 213 individuals diagnosed with thyroid nodule (TN) and 325 individuals with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) to examine the association between the TyG-BMI index and the odds of papillary thyroid carcinoma. We used the restricted cubic spline (RCS) curve to explore the non-linear relationship between TyG - BMI and papillary thyroid carcinoma. The logistic regression model was employed to assess the odds relationship between TyG - BMI and papillary thyroid carcinoma. All methods are carried out in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.

TyG-BMI (triglyceride glucose-body mass index) is positively correlated with the odds of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in a dose - response manner: for each 1-unit increase in this continuous variable, the odds ratio (OR) is approximately 1.02 (P<0.001). The OR value in the group with TyG - BMI higher than the median is 1.79 (95%CI: 1.13-2.83, P = 0.013), and the statistical significance remains after Holm-Bonferroni correction. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis shows that the area under the curve (AUC) of TyG - BMI for diagnosing PTC is 0.64, which is superior to that of BMI alone (AUC = 0.61).

It was found that an increased TyG - BMI index is correlated with a higher likelihood of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), but larger - scale studies are needed to verify our founding.