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Related Concept Videos

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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Related Experiment Video

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Manual Therapy for a Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain Rat Model
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Protection from Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Scoping Review.

Barry E Moore1, Leon Schleidgen1, Chan P Hang1

  • 1School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia.

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|April 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Identifying protective factors in chronic musculoskeletal pain is key for strengths-based care. This review found psychological, lifestyle, social, and physical factors associated with better outcomes, offering a positive approach to pain management.

Keywords:
chronic musculoskeletal painpain‐related disabilityphysical functionprotective factorsscoping reviewself‐efficacysemi‐automated screeningstrengths‐based approach

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Area of Science:

  • Pain Management
  • Rehabilitation Science
  • Health Psychology

Background:

  • Chronic musculoskeletal pain research often emphasizes negative prognostic factors.
  • Strengths-based approaches identify factors linked to positive outcomes (protective factors).
  • Understanding protective factors is crucial for developing effective strengths-based care strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a scoping review identifying protective factors associated with lower pain-related disability or higher physical function in adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Main Methods:

  • Searches conducted across five major databases (Medline, CINAHL Ultimate, Embase, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus).
  • Abstract screening performed using Research Screener.
  • Data extraction from 79 articles meeting inclusion criteria.

Main Results:

  • A wide array of psychological, lifestyle, social, and physical factors were associated with improved outcomes.
  • Self-efficacy emerged as the most frequently reported psychological protective factor.
  • Other identified factors include coping strategies, health promotion, diet, sleep, physical activity, social support, and physical capacity.

Conclusions:

  • The identified factors support a biopsychosocial model of pain, balancing the deficit-focused approach.
  • Findings provide a valuable resource for clinicians, researchers, and educators in chronic musculoskeletal pain.
  • These protective factors can inform the development of strengths-based interventions for managing chronic pain.