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Risk factors associated with dengue lethality: case-control study, Joinville, Brazil
Romana Pedott Apel1, Saulo Vicente Rocha2, Dorceli Alves Lemes da Cruz2
1Universidade da Região de Joinville, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Joinville, SC, Brasil.
Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical
|April 15, 2026
Summary
Early intravenous hydration and frequent medical check-ups significantly reduced dengue mortality in Joinville, Brazil. Monitoring patients with warning signs is key to improving outcomes in high-incidence areas.
Area of Science:
- * Public Health
- * Infectious Diseases
- * Clinical Medicine
Background:
- * Dengue poses a significant public health threat in Brazil, with Joinville experiencing high incidence rates.
- * Understanding factors influencing dengue mortality is crucial for targeted interventions in Joinville.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To identify clinical and demographic factors associated with dengue-related mortality in Joinville, Brazil.
- * To evaluate the impact of medical consultations and intravenous hydration on dengue patient outcomes.
Main Methods:
- * Retrospective matched case-control study utilizing the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação database.
- * Inclusion of adult dengue patients with warning signs or severe disease treated in Joinville's public health system (2021-2024).
- * Logistic regression models employed to determine mortality risk factors.
Main Results:
- * Lower mortality linked to ≥ 2 medical consultations (OR=0.20) and ≥ 1 L intravenous hydration (OR=0.32).
- * Significant mortality predictors included hypotension (OR=3.06), thrombocytopenia (OR=2.47), and lethargy/irritability (OR=15.59).
- * Analysis included 116 fatal cases and 336 matched survivors.
Conclusions:
- * Early intravenous rehydration and consistent clinical evaluations are associated with reduced dengue mortality.
- * Close patient monitoring, especially for those with warning signs, is vital for improving survival rates in dengue-endemic regions.
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