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Ocular Therapeutic Delivery and Advanced Tissue Retrieval in Adult Rats
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Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Advanced Intraocular Retinoblastoma….

Sena Bozer Uludağ1, Emre Can Çelebioğlu2, Emre Utkan Büyükceran3

  • 1Department of Radiology, Tosya State Hospital, Kastamonu, Turkey.

Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology
|April 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Intra-arterial chemotherapy offers a safe and effective globe-sparing treatment for advanced intraocular retinoblastoma, preserving vision and ocular structures. This approach shows high success rates and minimal complications in pediatric patients.

Keywords:
Eye preservationIntra-arterial chemotherapyOphthalmic arteryPediatric oncologyRetinoblastoma

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Interventional Radiology

Background:

  • Retinoblastoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in children.
  • Advanced intraocular retinoblastoma often requires enucleation or systemic chemotherapy, carrying significant morbidity.
  • Intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) has emerged as a potential globe-sparing alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intra-arterial chemotherapy for advanced intraocular retinoblastoma.
  • To present a single-center experience with IAC in pediatric patients.
  • To assess ocular preservation and visual function outcomes following IAC.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 13 pediatric patients (15 eyes) treated with IAC between 2020 and 2024.
  • Patients were divided into first-line treatment and post-failure treatment groups.
  • Data collected included technical success, complications, ocular preservation, and visual acuity over a minimum 12-month follow-up.

Main Results:

  • High technical success rate (97.8%) for catheterization in 45 IAC procedures.
  • Minor procedural complications (8.8%) with no serious systemic adverse events.
  • Excellent outcomes: 93.3% maintained or improved vision, 100% ocular survival, no enucleations, metastasis, or deaths.

Conclusions:

  • Intra-arterial chemotherapy is a technically feasible and promising globe-sparing treatment for intraocular retinoblastoma.
  • The treatment demonstrates a favorable safety profile with high technical success and preserved visual function.
  • Larger studies with longer follow-up are needed to confirm long-term efficacy and safety.