[Infantile hemangiomas: diagnosis and modern therapeutic approaches]

Infantile hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors that occur exclusively in infants and display a characteristic growth pattern. They usually become noticeable shortly after birth, proliferate over a period of 4-6 months, remain stable in size for a variable duration, and then gradually involute, although residual changes may persist. Diagnosis is typically made clinically, with careful attention to potential complications, functional impairments, and rare associated malformations such as those seen in PHACES and LUMBAR syndromes. A thorough understanding of the different types of hemangiomas, their clinical presentations, and the indications for further diagnostic evaluation is essential for optimal patient care. Therapeutically, propranolol has become established as an effective and safe first-line treatment for complicated infantile hemangiomas.