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Non-Thermal Plasma Technologies for Plant Virus Inactivation: Sources, Mechanisms, and Practical Applications.

Mi-Ri Park1, Min-Jae Kim2, Sang-Yun Cho2

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|April 15, 2026
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Summary

Non-thermal plasma (NTP) offers a residue-free method to inactivate plant viruses using reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). This technology shows promise for sanitizing water and surfaces, aiding in disease management for improved crop yield and quality.

Keywords:
cold atmospheric plasmaplant virus sanitationplasma-activated waterreactive oxygen and nitrogen species

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plasma Physics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Plant virus diseases significantly impact global crop yield and quality.
  • Effective curative treatments for established systemic plant virus infections are limited.
  • Non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology utilizes reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) for virucidal activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the sources, chemistry, and mechanisms of NTP for plant virus inactivation.
  • To assess the efficacy of NTP and plasma-activated water (PAW) in agricultural applications.
  • To compare NTP with existing antiviral strategies and discuss translation challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Review of major NTP sources (dielectric barrier discharges, plasma jets, corona/streamer discharges).
  • Analysis of plasma chemistry in gas and liquid phases.
  • Examination of molecular mechanisms of virus inactivation (capsid oxidation, genome damage).

Main Results:

  • NTP effectively inactivates plant viruses by damaging their structure and genome.
  • Highly stable viruses lose infectivity, and waterborne inactivation is efficient.
  • NTP and PAW show potential for sanitizing irrigation water, hydroponic solutions, and surfaces.

Conclusions:

  • NTP is a promising residue-free technology for plant virus control.
  • Standardization of NTP application, scalable reactor design, and commercial validation are crucial for widespread adoption.
  • NTP offers a sustainable alternative to conventional antiviral approaches in agriculture.