Impact of Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments Spectacles Versus Single Vision Spectacles on Myopia Control and...

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Optometry
• Pediatric Vision Care

Background:

• Myopia is a growing public health concern in children and adolescents.
• Effective myopia control strategies are crucial to prevent high myopia and associated ocular pathologies.
• Spectacle correction remains a primary method for managing refractive errors, with ongoing research into advanced lens designs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the efficacy of Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) spectacles versus Single Vision Spectacles (SVS) for myopia control in adolescents.
• To evaluate the impact of DIMS and SVS on astigmatic changes, including total and corneal astigmatism.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective study of 153 myopic children (aged 7-14) over one year.
• Measurement of axial length (AL) and corneal astigmatism (CA) using OA-2000.
• Analysis of spherical equivalent (SE), total astigmatism (TA), and astigmatism components (J0/J45) via cycloplegic refraction and vector analysis.

Main Results:

• DIMS group showed significantly less myopic progression (ΔSE and ΔAL) than the SVS group (p < 0.01).
• No significant differences in overall total astigmatism (TA) or corneal astigmatism (CA) were found between groups (p > 0.01).
• DIMS wear led to a significant increase in oblique components of total and corneal astigmatism compared to SVS (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

• DIMS spectacles are effective in slowing myopic progression by reducing SE shift and axial elongation in adolescents.
• While DIMS lenses reduce horizontal/vertical astigmatic components, they may increase oblique astigmatism over time.
• Monitoring directional astigmatic changes is important during DIMS intervention, especially for children with high or oblique astigmatism.