A multiresolution weather dataset for the Southwestern South Atlantic (2017-2018)

Area of Science:

• Meteorology
• Climate Science
• Remote Sensing

Background:

• The Southwestern South Atlantic (SWSA) is vital for climate research and renewable energy but lacks high-resolution meteorological data.
• Existing data limitations hinder accurate regional climate studies and wind energy assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To create a comprehensive, multiresolution meteorological dataset for the SWSA region.
• To combine advanced simulation models with satellite data for enhanced wind field analysis.

Main Methods:

• Utilized Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations at 9 km, 3 km, and 1 km resolutions.
• Integrated Sentinel-1A/B Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) wind fields processed with the CMOD5 model at 500 m and 1 km resolutions.
• Validated dataset against in situ measurements from the Itajaí buoy.

Main Results:

• Achieved strong agreement between simulated and satellite-derived wind speeds, with daily spatial averages showing RMSE and MAE below 3 m/s for over 93% of acquisition days.
• Demonstrated high pixel-level accuracy, with over 91.5% of deviations within ±3 m/s.
• Confirmed dataset reliability through in situ buoy measurements.

Conclusions:

• The generated dataset significantly enhances meteorological data availability for the SWSA.
• This resource is valuable for regional climate studies, wind energy resource assessment, and machine learning applications.
• Provided usage examples facilitate practical adoption and further research.