Adipose-Derived Stem Cells as Therapeutic Approach in Hypertrophic Scar Formation-A Systematic Review

Area of Science:

• Regenerative Medicine
• Wound Healing
• Scarring Biology

Background:

• Hypertrophic scar formation presents a significant clinical challenge despite various treatments.
• Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have demonstrated potential in enhancing wound healing and tissue remodeling in vivo.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review in vivo studies evaluating the efficacy of ADSCs in preventing hypertrophic scar formation.
• To consolidate evidence on the mechanisms by which ADSCs influence scar development.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review utilizing PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Medline databases.
• PICO framework employed to define the research question.
• Inclusion of studies reporting on ADSC treatment for hypertrophic scar prevention in vivo.

Main Results:

• Nine out of ten studies reported improved macroscopic outcomes with ADSC treatment.
• ADSCs demonstrated inhibition of fibroblast activation and promotion of extracellular matrix deposition and remodeling.
• Immunomodulatory effects of ADSCs on inflammation were noted in multiple studies.

Conclusions:

• ADSCs play a conclusive role in preventing hypertrophic scarring based on current in vivo evidence.
• Further research, particularly in porcine models, is recommended to fully elucidate ADSC efficacy and mechanisms.
• Heterogeneity in study outcomes necessitates standardized research approaches for definitive conclusions.