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Updated: Apr 17, 2026

A Three-dimensional Thymic Culture System to Generate Murine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Tumor Antigen-specific Thymic Emigrants

A Three-dimensional Thymic Culture System to Generate Murine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Tumor Antigen-specific Thymic Emigrants

Published on: August 9, 2019

Enhanced Human Antigen-Specific B Cell Responses Using In Vitro 3D Tonsil Cultures Containing Stromal Cells.

Maaike V J Braham^1,2,3, Marlon de Gast^2,4, Liubov Babii^1,2

¹Sanquin, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Advanced Healthcare Materials

|April 16, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a 3D human lymphoid culture system to mimic germinal centers (GCs). This advanced model improves B cell survival and antibody production, offering a better platform for studying immune responses and vaccine development.

Keywords:

3D culture system antibody‐secreting cells fibroblastic reticular cells germinal center response hydrogel organoid vaccine

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Cell Biology
Biotechnology

Background:

Germinal centers (GCs) are crucial for antibody production but are complex to model in vitro.
Conventional 2D cultures do not fully replicate the intricate microenvironment of human GCs.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a 3D human lymphoid culture system that better mimics the in vivo GC environment.
To enhance the study of B cell maturation, antibody production, and immune responses.

Main Methods:

Developed a 3D hydrogel culture system using human tonsil cells and fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs).
Compared 2D and 3D cultures with and without FRCs, stimulating with viral antigens or vaccines.
Analyzed B and T cell survival, antibody production, cell differentiation, and GC-like polarization markers.

Main Results:

FRC-supported 3D cultures significantly improved B and T cell survival and promoted follicle-like structure formation.
3D FRC-supported co-cultures yielded higher antigen-specific antibody levels and increased frequencies of antigen-specific B cells.
GC-like polarization was observed, with reduced cell death and bystander activation, and specific chemokine receptor expression on B cells.

Conclusions:

The 3D human lymphoid culture system provides a more physiologically relevant model for studying GC responses.
This platform facilitates mechanistic research and screening of vaccine immunogens and adjuvants.
The model's scalability supports high-throughput applications in immunology and vaccinology.