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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
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Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy
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Obesity and Diabetes: A Complex Connection.

Suchitra Chandrasekaran1

  • 1Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.

Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology
|April 16, 2026
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This summary is machine-generated.

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are linked global health issues. Addressing maternal metabolic health during and after pregnancy is crucial for preventing long-term disease in mothers and children.

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolic disease
  • Public health
  • Reproductive health

Background:

  • Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are interconnected global epidemics.
  • Excess adiposity drives insulin resistance, inflammation, and beta-cell dysfunction, leading to hyperglycemia.
  • Pregnancy exacerbates metabolic vulnerability, increasing risks for gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the intricate relationship between maternal obesity, diabetes, and metabolic health.
  • To emphasize the impact on pregnancy outcomes and intergenerational disease transmission.
  • To advocate for integrated strategies for improved maternal and offspring cardiometabolic health.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on obesity, T2DM, and pregnancy.
  • Analysis of shared metabolic, environmental, and socioeconomic factors.
  • Synthesis of evidence on maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Maternal obesity and diabetes significantly increase risks for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
  • These conditions contribute to long-term cardiometabolic risk for both mother and child.
  • Physiological insulin resistance during pregnancy can unmask underlying metabolic issues.

Conclusions:

  • Integrated preconception, pregnancy, and postpartum care is essential.
  • Lifestyle interventions and optimized glycemic control are critical.
  • Addressing the intergenerational transmission of metabolic disease requires a comprehensive approach.