Eccentric exercise training in multiple sclerosis management -a scoping review

The movement that occurs when a muscle exerts tension while lengthening is called eccentric muscle action. This type of contraction has been the focus of numerous studies in recent years, enhancing our understanding of the mechanisms that underpin its production and its effects in rehabilitation when compared with traditional concentric training. The capacity to generate high forces with minimal metabolic expenditure, coupled with the neurological attributes associated with its production, underscores its validity as a training modality. However, few studies have focused on its use in neurological rehabilitation, particularly in the context of multiple sclerosis. This scoping review summarizes 10 experimental studies that have evaluated the effects of eccentric training in the rehabilitation of multiple sclerosis. Taken together, the findings suggest that this training modality is effective in terms of strength gains and functional improvements, but also on reducing fatigue and fatigability, and leading to adaptations of neurological activity. Nevertheless, the number of studies is limited, and there remains a paucity of consensus regarding the relative effectiveness of eccentric training in comparison with concentric training. Further experimental studies involving large cohorts and standardized protocols will provide a better understanding of the benefits and mechanisms underlying eccentric training in multiple sclerosis.