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Surgical Reconstructive Peri-Implantitis Treatment for 3- and 4-Wall Bone Defects: A Single-Blind Randomised
Jarno Hakkers1, Yvonne C M de Waal2, Barzi Gareb1
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Journal of Clinical Periodontology
|April 17, 2026
Summary
A reconstructive procedure improved bone levels and reduced recession in peri-implantitis treatment. However, it did not significantly affect probing depth or disease resolution after one year.
Area of Science:
- Dental Implantology
- Periodontology
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Peri-implantitis, an inflammatory condition, affects dental implants and can lead to bone loss.
- Surgical interventions are employed to manage peri-implantitis, particularly in cases with significant bone defects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the impact of a reconstructive procedure on clinical and radiographic outcomes in peri-implantitis treatment.
- Specifically evaluate effects on marginal bone level and probing depth in 3- or 4-wall bone defects.
Main Methods:
- Fifty-two patients with peri-implantitis were randomized into two groups: surgical treatment with or without a reconstructive procedure.
- The reconstructive procedure involved autologous bone, xenograft, and a collagen membrane.
- Primary outcomes included peri-implant probing depth (PPD) and marginal bone level (MBL); secondary outcomes included bleeding on probing (BoP) and disease resolution.
Main Results:
- The reconstructive group demonstrated significantly improved marginal bone levels (MBL) compared to the control group.
- Reduced mid-buccal soft-tissue recession was observed in the group receiving the reconstructive procedure.
- No statistically significant differences were found in PPD, BoP, suppuration (SoP), or overall disease resolution between the groups.
Conclusions:
- The adjunctive reconstructive procedure showed benefits in radiographic bone regeneration and soft-tissue stability.
- The procedure did not yield significant improvements in peri-implant probing depth or resolution of peri-implantitis.
- Further research may explore long-term effects and patient-specific factors influencing outcomes.
