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DNA Microarrays

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

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Updated: Apr 18, 2026

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

Programmable DNA-Based NIR-II Molecular Probes for Hepatotoxicity-Associated MicroRNA Imaging In Vivo.

Kaiqiang Zeng¹, Wen Li¹, Chongyang Li¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Chemo and Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|April 17, 2026

Summary

Researchers developed novel DNA-based molecular probes for deep-tissue imaging by creating a high-brightness NIR-II emitter and spectrum-matched quencher. This breakthrough enables enhanced molecular sensing and noninvasive monitoring in living subjects.

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Nanotechnology
Medical Imaging

Background:

DNA-based molecular probes are limited to the visible spectrum, hindering deep-tissue imaging due to poor light penetration.
Near-infrared II (NIR-II) fluorescence offers superior tissue penetration but lacks high-performance fluorophore-quencher pairs for probe development.

Purpose of the Study:

To overcome the limitations of visible-spectrum probes and develop robust DNA-based molecular probes operating in the NIR-II window.
To engineer a synergistic fluorophore-quencher combination for enhanced deep-tissue molecular sensing.

Main Methods:

Coengineered a high-brightness NIR-II emitter using a DNA strand, cyanine dye, and albumin scaffold.
Designed a spectrum-matched quencher via symmetry-breaking of the cognate chromophore for precise absorption-emission alignment.
Developed DNA-based NIR-II molecular probes (NMPs) using the DAC-783/Q783 combination.

Main Results:

Achieved a 10-fold higher NIR-II photoluminescence quantum yield compared to commercial dyes, enabling imaging beyond 8 mm tissue depth.
Demonstrated significantly higher quenching efficiency with the novel quencher compared to conventional ones.
Validated NMP-122 probe for noninvasive, real-time monitoring of drug-induced liver injury in mice, outperforming visible-window probes.

Conclusions:

Successfully extended the operational window of molecular probes into the NIR-II region.
Established a generalizable blueprint for designing custom fluorophore-quencher combinations for NIR-II applications.
Paved the way for clinical translation of NIR-II DNA nanotechnology for advanced molecular imaging.