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Infant Mortality in Norway: A Population-Based Study From 2009 Through 2020
Beate Horsberg Eriksen1,2, Claus Klingenberg3,4, Tor Åge Myklebust5
1Department of Pediatrics, Møre and Romsdal Hospital Trust, Ålesund, Norway.
Infant mortality in Norway significantly decreased by over 40% between 2009 and 2020. Prematurity-related causes were the leading, yet declining, factor in infant deaths.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Infant mortality remains a critical public health indicator.
- Understanding trends and causes is vital for targeted interventions.
- Norway has a robust system for tracking birth and death data.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze infant mortality trends in Norwegian live-born infants (LBIs) from 2009-2020.
- To identify the primary causes of infant death.
- To examine how mortality trends vary by gestational age (GA).
Main Methods:
- A population-based cohort study utilizing Norwegian birth and death registries.
- Analysis of 676,931 live-born infants over a 12-year period.
- Categorization of infant deaths by cause and gestational age.
Main Results:
- A significant linear decline in infant mortality from 2.9 to 1.7 per 1000 LBIs.
- Prematurity-related causes (39.6%) were the leading cause of death, followed by malformations (27.0%).
- The most substantial mortality reduction was observed in extremely preterm infants (<28 weeks).
Conclusions:
- Infant mortality in Norway decreased by over 40% from 2009 to 2020.
- Neonatal deaths constituted approximately 70% of all infant deaths.
- While prematurity-related mortality decreased, it remained the primary cause of infant death.
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