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The Global Impact of Bacterial Antimicrobial Resistance: Addressing Gaps and Future Strategies

Safayet Jamil1, Md Golam Dostogir Harun1, Mohammad Shahangir Biswas1,2

  • 1Department of Public Health Daffodil International University Dhaka Bangladesh.

Public Health Challenges
|April 17, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health threat, causing millions of deaths annually. Addressing this crisis requires a unified

Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health Policy

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health challenge, responsible for millions of deaths.
  • Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) disproportionately suffer from AMR due to systemic weaknesses.
  • Factors like self-medication and inadequate regulation exacerbate the AMR crisis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted challenges posed by antimicrobial resistance.
  • To emphasize the urgent need for a coordinated 'One Health' strategy.
  • To highlight critical interventions for mitigating AMR's impact.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of global health data on AMR-related mortality.
  • Review of contributing factors in LMICs, including healthcare systems and antibiotic misuse.
  • Exploration of the 'One Health' framework connecting human, animal, and environmental health.

Main Results:

  • AMR caused 4.71 million deaths in 2021, with 1.14 million directly from bacterial resistance.
  • LMICs bear the highest burden due to weak health infrastructure and antibiotic misuse.
  • Projected 8 million annual deaths by 2050 without intervention, but 92 million lives preventable with timely action.

Conclusions:

  • A coordinated 'One Health' approach is essential to combatting AMR.
  • Strengthening surveillance, developing new antibiotics, and promoting responsible use are vital.
  • Targeted interventions in LMICs can significantly prevent future AMR-related deaths.
Keywords:
AMR surveillance systemsGlobal Burden of Disease (GBD 2021)antimicrobial resistance (AMR)antimicrobial stewardshipone health approach

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