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Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
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Partial EMT Drives Persistent Collective Migration via Collision Guidance in Heterogeneous Populations.

Hyuntae Jeong1, Jiwon Kim1, Jea-Yun Sim1

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Partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) enables cells to migrate collectively and persistently. This "collision guidance" mechanism allows cells to coordinate movement, influencing tissue formation and regeneration.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is crucial for cell migration in development and disease.
  • Partial EMT states have distinct behaviors but are poorly understood.
  • Understanding cell-cell interactions during migration is key to tissue dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the migratory behaviors of cells in partial EMT states.
  • Elucidate the mechanisms coordinating cell motility during partial EMT.
  • Explore the impact of partial EMT on tissue-level behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized TGF-β stimulation to induce partial EMT in cell cultures.
  • Observed and analyzed cell migration patterns using microscopy.
  • Developed a computational model of self-propelled interacting particles to simulate cell behavior.

Main Results:

  • Cells in partial EMT exhibit fast, directionally persistent collective migration.
  • A novel
  • collision guidance
  • mechanism was identified, where cells reorient after transient contacts.
  • Partial EMT cells maintain collision guidance with epithelial and mesenchymal cells, unlike their tendency to repel.

Conclusions:

  • Partial EMT promotes coordinated cell motility through collision guidance.
  • This mechanism bridges cell-level behaviors to tissue-level phenomena like monolayer displacement.
  • Findings have implications for understanding tissue formation, regeneration, and disease-related disorganization.