Research on Quantitative Analysis Technology for Pacific White Shrimp Density Based on Environmental DNA

Area of Science:

• Aquaculture
• Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis
• Molecular biology

Background:

• Disease outbreaks in Litopenaeus vannamei farming hinder industry growth.
• Accurate shrimp biomass estimation is crucial for effective aquaculture management, including feeding, water quality control, and disease prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and validate a quantitative method for estimating shrimp biomass using environmental DNA (eDNA).
• To assess the influence of environmental factors and shrimp growth stages on eDNA concentration.

Main Methods:

• Development of species-specific primers for quantitative PCR (qPCR) targeting L. vannamei.
• Investigation of eDNA degradation rates at different temperatures.
• Correlation analysis between eDNA concentration and shrimp biomass in controlled systems and field ponds.

Main Results:

• A strong linear correlation was established between eDNA concentration and shrimp biomass.
• Higher temperatures accelerated eDNA degradation, with detection possible for over a month at 26°C.
• eDNA release per unit body weight was higher in smaller shrimp and unaffected by short-term feeding.

Conclusions:

• The developed eDNA-based qPCR method provides a robust framework for precise and dynamic shrimp biomass monitoring.
• This approach enables optimized management strategies in aquaculture, contributing to disease prevention and improved yields.