Extraction of Sulfachloropyridazine from Food Samples Using Cellulose: Application of Central Composite Design...

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Materials Science
• Environmental Science

Background:

• Sulfonamide antibiotics are veterinary drugs that contaminate food products like milk.
• Human consumption of contaminated milk poses health risks.
• Efficient extraction methods are needed to detect sulfonamides in complex matrices.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate cellulose and its derivatives for sulfonamide extraction from milk and honey.
• To develop a cost-effective and environmentally friendly analytical method.
• To improve sorbent-analyte interactions and extraction efficiency.

Main Methods:

• Cellulose was functionalized with adipic and oxalic acids to create novel sorbents.
• Fourier-transform infrared, BET, and SEM techniques characterized the sorbents.
• Batch adsorption experiments with sulfachloropyridazine were optimized using a central composite design.

Main Results:

• Functionalized cellulose (cell@AA and cell@OA) showed improved adsorption compared to unmodified cellulose.
• Optimal extraction percentages for sulfachloropyridazine were 57% (cellulose), 52% (cell@OA), and 53% (cell@AA) under specific conditions.
• In milk, extraction percentages reached 57% (cellulose), 86% (cell@OA), and 68% (cell@AA).

Conclusions:

• Cellulose functionalized with adipic and oxalic acids is effective for sulfonamide extraction.
• The developed method offers a simpler, greener alternative to traditional extraction techniques.
• This approach enhances food safety by enabling better detection of antibiotic residues.