Retrospective Analysis of Inflammatory Parameters and Vitamins' Levels in Psoriasis Patients: A Case-Control Study

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Immunology
• Hematology

Background:

• Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting 2% of the global population.
• Hematological inflammatory parameters and vitamin levels are being explored as potential biomarkers for psoriasis activity and severity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between psoriasis severity and hematological inflammatory indices (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammation index) and vitamin D and B12 levels.
• To evaluate the utility of these markers in assessing psoriasis severity.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective case-control study involving 142 psoriasis patients and 277 controls at Jordan University Hospital (2019-2023).
• Psoriasis severity was measured using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI).
• Evaluated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), vitamin D, and vitamin B12 levels.

Main Results:

• No statistically significant differences were found in NLR, PLR, or SII between psoriasis patients and controls.
• Vitamin D deficiency was observed in 51.79% of psoriasis patients, and vitamin B12 deficiency in 17.82%.
• No significant associations were identified between psoriasis severity (PASI scores) and vitamin D or B12 levels, nor with the evaluated inflammatory indices.

Conclusions:

• The study found no significant associations between psoriasis severity and the investigated hematological inflammatory indices or vitamin deficiencies.
• These biomarkers appear to have limited standalone utility for routine assessment of psoriasis severity in this cohort.