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Core temperature measurement methods and their accuracy in pediatric intensive care units: a narrative review
Huilian Chen1,2, Hongyuan Huang1,2, Junjie Ning1,2
1Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Background:
Accurate core temperature monitoring in Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs) is crucial for assessing health status, guiding therapies, and predicting outcomes.
Objective:
To review core temperature measurement methods and their accuracy in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs), with emphasis on emerging non-invasive technologies.
Content:
We compare commonly used peripheral, non-invasive, and invasive techniques (including temporal artery, tympanic, zero-heat-flux thermometry, infrared thermography, and esophageal/rectal/bladder/nasopharyngeal sites) and summarize factors that affect agreement with core temperature under critical illness.
Conclusion:
Accurate temperature assessment supports timely diagnosis and therapy guidance. Evidence to date suggests that zero-heat-flux thermometry and infrared thermography are promising for continuous, non-invasive monitoring, but require further validation across pediatric ages and clinical scenarios.
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