Living with a hidden disability - a qualitative study of post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction

Area of Science:

• Medical Research
• Qualitative Health Research
• Sensory Science

Background:

• The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant increase in olfactory dysfunction, including anosmia, reduced sensitivity, and parosmia.
• This sensory impairment profoundly affects patients' daily lives, well-being, and overall quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the lived experiences of individuals with post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction.
• To understand the impact of this condition on daily functioning, social interactions, and personal identity.

Main Methods:

• A qualitative, phenomenological-hermeneutic approach inspired by Ricoeur was employed.
• Twenty patients with post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction were interviewed in Denmark.
• Data analysis utilized Dreyer and Pedersen's Ricoeur-inspired method, adhering to COREQ guidelines.

Main Results:

• Six key themes emerged: reliance on others for smell, fear of body odor, altered taste perception, changes in eating habits, loss of scent-related memories, and living with a hidden disability.
• Participants described profound disruptions to their eating experiences, social interactions, and sense of self.
• The pervasive nature of smell loss was highlighted as an invisible yet intrusive condition.

Conclusions:

• Post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction is an invisible disability with far-reaching consequences on multiple life domains.
• There is a critical need for increased awareness among healthcare professionals to provide adequate support.
• Developing effective coping strategies is essential to improve the quality of life for individuals with long-term sensory loss.